Less-expensive forms of test marketing include simulated test markets and online test marketing.

Simulated Test Markets

A procedure in which the firm builds a mock shopping experience for participants, in order to observe their response to marketing stimuli.

Online Test Marketing

A technique used to evaluate the marketability of a product through targeted advertising campaigns and surveys on digital platforms before widely releasing it.

Less-expensive Forms

Refers to cheaper or more cost-effective versions or alternatives of products or services.